Tagged: Hungary

According to Petsinclude, the government of Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic, with the Prime Minister as head of government and the President as head of state. The unicameral National Assembly is responsible for enacting and amending laws, passing the national budget, and electing various government officials. The current Prime Minister is Viktor Orbán since 2010, who has been in power since 1998. The legislative branch consists of the unicameral National Assembly (Országgyűlés). It consists of 199 members elected by popular vote every four years. The assembly has the power to pass laws and amend the constitution with a two-thirds majority vote. It also has authority over taxation, foreign policy, defense, and other matters. The executive branch is headed by the President (Köztársasági Elnök), who serves as both head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The president is elected to a five-year term by popular vote and can serve up to two consecutive terms. He or she appoints all government ministers, including those responsible for economic policy and foreign affairs. The judicial branch consists of a Supreme Court (Legfelsőbb Bíróság) which interprets laws in accordance with legal precedents set by lower courts. There are also county courts (Megyei Bíróságok) which handle civil cases such as divorce or property disputes; administrative courts (Administratív Bíróságok) which hear appeals against decisions made by local governments; and military courts (Katonai Bíróságok) which handle court martial cases within the armed forces. Hungary also has an independent ombudsman’s office (Alkotmánybíróság), which handles complaints related to human rights violations or issues concerning civil liberties. In addition, there are several independent watchdogs that monitor public administration, such as Hungary’s Supreme Audit Office (Országos Közbeszerzési Hivatal), which controls public spending; its Data Protection Authority (Adatvédelmi Felügyelet); its Competition Authority (Versenyfelügyelet); its Media Authority (Közmédia Felügyelet); and its Corruption Prevention Office (Korrupciómegelőzési Iroda). Overall, Hungary’s government system combines traditional parliamentary democracy with elements of direct democracy through referendum initiatives on important issues such as EU accession or constitutional amendments. This hybrid system gives citizens more direct control over their political future while still allowing for checks-and-balances from both branches of government in order to ensure stability in a rapidly changing world economy. Hungary is a member of several international organizations, such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and NATO. In addition, Hungary has signed treaties and agreements with many countries around the world. Hungary’s foreign relations are focused on promoting economic cooperation and integration with its neighbors. Hungary has been an active participant in the European Union since 2004 and is a major economic partner for many countries in Central Europe. The Hungarian government also seeks to build stronger ties with other European nations, particularly those in the Visegrad Group. Hungary has also worked to improve its relationships with Russia, China, and other countries in Asia and Africa. In recent years, Hungary has increased its presence in international organizations such as the International Energy Agency and the Council of Europe. Hungary is also a signatory of several international treaties on human rights and environmental protection. It is actively involved in regional organizations such as the Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) and the Organization for Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). See relationshipsplus for Hungary defense and foreign policy.

Hungary History Between 1920 and 1944

Hungary History Between 1920 and 1944

Groups and parties in the face of war. – Like other countries in the twenty years between the two world wars, Hungary too did not escape the prevalence of a substantially totalitarian internal situation,...

Hungary History in the 18th Century

Hungary History in the 18th Century

Initiator of reforms until the end of the century. XVIII in Hungary was the king. The diffidence towards the Magyar lords also remained under Charles III (1711-40) rule of government, but a certain spirit...

Hungary Population Data

Hungary Population Data

The first census of Hungary counted (1920) 7,990,202 residents while it was calculated that 7,615,117 inhabited the same territory in 1910. The second census of the end of 1930, counted 8,683,700 people. The increase...

Hungary Population Distribution

Hungary Population Distribution

In the villages of Alföld the house is built either with sun-dried bricks (vályog) or of a mixture of clay and reeds, held firm by some boards (tömes fal) or of a mixture of...

Hungary History - The Anjou Dynasty

Hungary History – The Anjou Dynasty

Hungarian imperialism of the 14th century. – With Andrew III, the Árpád dynasty died out in 1301. The Angevin pretender, Carlo Roberto, son of Carlo Martello, with all the support of the Holy See...

Hungary

Hungary Industry

Hungary’s economy has become less dependent on industry, although it still plays an important role. In 1990, the industrial sector accounted for 45 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), in 2018 the proportion was...