Hungary Population Data
The first census of Hungary counted (1920) 7,990,202 residents while it was calculated that 7,615,117 inhabited the same territory in 1910. The second census of the end of 1930, counted 8,683,700 people. The increase was therefore 4.9% in the decade 1910-20 and 8.7% in the following decade. The density increased accordingly from 81.9 residents per sq. km. at 85.9 and at 93.3.
As for the movement of the population, while the number of marriages per year per 1000 residents has only slightly decreased (from 9.2 in the five-year period 1926-30 to 8.9 in 1934), the number of births instead marks a very significant decrease, given that it has gone from 29.4 per thousand in the five-year period 1921-25 to 26.0 in the following five-year period, to drop to 21.9 in 1934 (Budapest 15.3). At the same time there was a notable decrease in deaths (from 19.9 in 1921-25 to 17.0 in 1926-1930 and 14.5 in 1934), but the natural increase of the population, of 9.5 per thousand in 1921 -1925, and of 9.0 in 1926-1930, drops to 7.4 in 1934. The greater demographic expansion of neighboring peoples has recently prompted the need not to go down with births to a level below the current one.
Hungary, within the boundaries set by the Trianon treaty, appears to be a remarkably homogeneous state from an ethnic-linguistic point of view, as can be seen from the following data, relating to 1930, in which the mother tongue is taken into account:
According to barblejewelry, Hungarians are also commonly referred to as Magyars; in fact there is a double denomination, one general, which gives this people the name of the large family to which it belongs (Ungheresi = Ugri), particularly the other, which more properly designates that people of the Ugric family that occupied the plain of the Middle Danube. Now the population has very mixed characters, Nordic, Oriental, Alpine, Dinaric, with Mongolian traces (however not exceeding 4%). The ancient Hungarians were not Mongols, but already represented a mixture between the Finno-Ugric type (blond hair and blue eyes) and the Mongoloid-Turkic type (black hair), the first of which transmitted the main cultural and somatic characteristics, the according to the state and military organization. Generally brown, of short stature (on average 1.62 to 1.64),
The Hungarians had for ancestors a nomadic people, organized into tribes, which in moving from its original seat, which was between the middle course of the Volga and the Urals, came into contact with a small people, similar to the Turkish, from which was subjugated. The victors merged with the defeated, learned their language, but gave in exchange a superior military and political organization, also teaching to perfect herding and agriculture (as appears from the fact that in Hungarian the main terms of agriculture are d Turkish origin; see below: Language). In the Pannonian Lowlands they came in distinct groups and the Besseni, the Cumans (very restless), the Iazigi (relatives of the Ossetians of the Caucasus) followed the Magyars. There are still some isolated groups of the population with distinctive characters,
In contrast to a fairly sensitive uniformity of climate and physical structure, a fairly significant variety is observed in the Pannonian Lowlands as regards settlement, so much so that it is very difficult to find the coexistence of different types of settlements in another region of Europe. ‘inhabited so different. The explanation must be sought in the historical events of Hungary during the last centuries, which first saw the depopulation of Alföld and then its colonization by different peoples, while the nearby areas of Pannonia and Felföld were able to keep intact those characteristics that are the result of a long evolution. Of course it is very difficult to indicate clear boundaries between one form and another, while it is possible to give a classification of the main types. By far the most interesting, also because it is found in Europe only in this region, is the crowded village of Alföld, in which the plan shows a central square, mostly irregularly circular, from which many more or less radially branch off. regular, rather narrow. The circular shape of the village, the clear boundary between the town and the surrounding countryside, the traces of walls recently transformed into a ring road, are all consequences of the defensive character. Often there is also a more internal circular road, a probable indication that the village has subsequently expanded. Sometimes the plant is less regular and has a starry shape with paths that do not run regularly in the center, but are cut first with others. A similar type is the village with an approximately rectangular (“fan”) plan, in which the center consists of a street serving as a square, from which the streets radially branch off (eg, Békéscsaba). Towards the southern limit of this type (which almost coincides with the border of present-day Hungary) the regular village of recent colonization is instead widespread, with the streets that cut at right angles, no longer crowded, but extended over a larger surface, arose at the end of the century. XVIII in the regions depopulated by the Turkish invasion. If, on the other hand, you move towards the North, in the region of Upper Tisza you will often find the road village, which is an indication of Slovak colonization. In Little Alföld, alongside villages of recent colonization, there are crowded villages and street villages.
