Category: Europe

European Union – unemployment
Unemployment has been a major problem in almost all EU countries over the last few decades, but its extent has increased once again since the start of the economic, financial and euro crisis in 2008. The unemployment rate initially fell from 9.1 percent to a temporary low of 7 percent between 2003 and 2008, but then rose again significantly. In 2013, the EU average unemployment rate was 10.3 percent. This development mainly affects the peripheral regions in the south and east, some of which suffer from very high unemployment.

To determine the unemployment figures, the EU relies on the unemployment statistics of the individual countries. For the purpose of an interregional level comparison, these are combined with our own sample surveys. Due to this harmonization, the EU figures differ somewhat from the national figures. The unemployment rate does not include underemployment in structurally weak agricultural regions or short-time work in some branches of industry.

In addition to the direct effects of the economic, financial and euro crisis since 2008, the rise in unemployment is a consequence of various changes in the labor market. The long-term causes include, above all, the continuous automation and rationalization of all production, distribution and service activities for the purpose of reducing wage and manufacturing costs. A second important cause is the progressive outsourcing of an ever larger part of activities to poorer countries with lower wage costs and minimal social and environmental standards.

Between the economic structure and the unemployment rate of a country there is a strong correlation (100.1). With a few exceptions, the rule applies that regions with a low level of production and high levels of employment in agriculture suffer disproportionately from unemployment. The highest regional unemployment rates in 2013 were registered in Greece, Spain, southern Italy, Slovenia and Slovakia, and northern Ireland. Many of these areas are affected by high levels of migration (cf. 100.4).

The precarious situation on the labor market is a heavy burden for the peripheral regions because there is often a particularly high potential of workers. The consequence of this surplus is disproportionately high unemployment among young people under the age of 25, which in many countries doubles, and sometimes even triples, as in Italy. Particularly hard hit by youth unemployment include Italy, Greece, Spain, Croatia, Portugal and Slovakia. The high EU average rate of 22.6% (2011–2013) shows, however, that youth unemployment is a major problem in almost the whole of the EU, even in economically strong countries such as England or Sweden; only very few countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and Austria show values ​​that are well below average. For more information about the continent of Europe, please check a2zgov.com.

Poland Bordering Countries

Poland 1995

According to HOMOSOCIETY, Poland is a country located in Central Europe and is bordered by Germany, Slovakia, Ukraine, Lithuania and the Czech Republic. It has a population of over 38 million people and is...

Portugal Bordering Countries

Portugal 1995

According to HISTORYAAH, Portugal is a country located in the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe and is bordered by Spain and the Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of over 10 million people and...

Romania Bordering Countries

Romania 1995

According to FRANCISCOGARDENING, the Republic of Romania is a country located in southeastern Europe, bordered by Hungary to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast, Bulgaria to the south, and Serbia to the...

Russia Bordering Countries

Russia 1995

According to EZINERELIGION, the Russian Federation, commonly known as Russia, is the largest country in the world, covering an area of 17.1 million square kilometers. It is located in Northern Eurasia and borders Norway,...

San Marino Bordering Countries

San Marino 1995

According to EXTRAREFERENCE, San Marino is a tiny, landlocked republic located in the Apennine Mountains of north-central Italy. It is the oldest and smallest sovereign state in the world, having been founded in 301...

Serbia Bordering Countries

Serbia 1995

According to ETHNICITYOLOGY, Serbia is a country located in the Balkans region of southeastern Europe, with a population of around 7 million people. It is bordered by Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, Croatia, Hungary...

Slovakia Bordering Countries

Slovakia 1995

According to ESTATELEARNING, Slovakia is a landlocked country located in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Ukraine. Its capital city is Bratislava and the population of Slovakia is estimated...

Slovenia Bordering Countries

Slovenia 1995

According to EHISTORYLIB, Slovenia is a small, landlocked country located in Central Europe, bordered by Italy, Austria, Croatia and Hungary. Its capital city is Ljubljana and the population of Slovenia is estimated to be...

Spain Bordering Countries

Spain 1995

According to EHEALTHFACTS, Spain is a country located in the southwestern corner of Europe and bordered by France, Portugal, Andorra and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital city is Madrid and the population is estimated...

Sweden Bordering Countries

Sweden 1995

According to DENTISTRYMYTH, Sweden is a Nordic country located in northern Europe, bordered by Norway to the west and Finland to the east. Its capital city is Stockholm and the population is estimated to...

Switzerland Bordering Countries

Switzerland 1995

According to CONSTRUCTMATERIALS, Switzerland is a small, landlocked country located in central Europe, bordered by France to the west, Italy to the south, Germany to the north and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east....

Turkey Bordering Countries

Turkey 1995

According to COMPUTERGEES, Turkey is a country located in both Europe and Asia. It is bordered by eight countries including Iraq, Syria, and Bulgaria. It has a population of approximately 82 million people and...

Ukraine Bordering Countries

Ukraine 1995

According to COMPUTERANNALS, Ukraine is a large country located in Eastern Europe, situated between Russia and Poland. It consists of a total land area of 603,628 square kilometers. The population of Ukraine is approximately...

United Kingdom Bordering Countries

United Kingdom 1995

According to COMMIT4FITNESS, the United Kingdom (UK) is a country located in north-western Europe and comprises of four distinct countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has a total land area of 242,495...

Vatican City Bordering Countries

Vatican City 1995

According to BUSINESSCARRIERS, Vatican City is the smallest nation in the world, located within Rome, Italy. It is an independent city-state with a total area of 0.44 square kilometers, populated by about 900 people...

Norway Bordering Countries

Norway 1995

According to HYPERRESTAURANT, Norway is a Scandinavian country located in Northern Europe, bordered by Finland, Sweden, and the North Sea. With a population of around 5.3 million people, Norway is one of the most...

Netherlands Bordering Countries

Netherlands 1995

According to INTERNETSAILORS, the Netherlands is a small country located in northwestern Europe. It has a population of around 17 million people and its capital is Amsterdam which is located in the western part...

Albania Bordering Countries

Albania 1995

According to A2ZGOV, Albania is a small country located in the southeastern part of Europe. It has a population of approximately 2.9 million people and an area of 28,748 square kilometers. According to AREACODESEXPLORER,...

Andorra Bordering Countries

Andorra 1995

According to ARISTMARKETING, Andorra is a small, mountainous country located between France and Spain in the Pyrenees Mountains. With an area of only 468 km2, it is the sixth smallest country in Europe and...

Austria Bordering Countries

Austria 1995

According to ARISTMARKETING, Austria is a small, landlocked country located in Central Europe. It has a population of approximately 8.9 million people and its capital city is Vienna. Austria has a temperate climate with...

Belarus Bordering Countries

Belarus 1995

According to ZIPCODESEXPLORER, Belarus is a landlocked country located in Eastern Europe, bordering Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland and Latvia. It is the largest of the three Baltic states, with a population of around 9.5...

Belgium Bordering Countries

Belgium 1995

According to COMMIT4FITNESS, Belgium is a small country located in Western Europe, bordered by the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France. It has a population of around 11.5 million people and its capital city is...

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bordering Countries

Bosnia and Herzegovina 1995

According to TOPB2BWEBSITES, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country located in the Balkans region of Europe. It is bordered by Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro and the Adriatic Sea. It has a population of around 3.5...

Bulgaria Bordering Countries

Bulgaria 1995

According to COMPUTERANNALS, Bulgaria is a country located in Southeastern Europe, bordered by Romania, Serbia, North Macedonia, Greece and Turkey. It has a population of more than 7 million people and its capital city...

Croatia Bordering Countries

Croatia 1995

According to COMPUTERGEES, Croatia is a small European country located in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Slovenia to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east and Bosnia and Herzegovina...

Cyprus Bordering Countries

Cyprus 1995

According to CONSTRUCTMATERIALS, Cyprus is an island nation located in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Greece to the west, Turkey to the north and Syria to the east. The total population...

Czech Republic Bordering Countries

Czech Republic 1995

According to EHEALTHFACTS, the Czech Republic is a landlocked country located in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the...

Denmark Bordering Countries

Denmark 1995

According to ESTATELEARNING, Denmark is a small Scandinavian country located in northern Europe. It is bordered by Germany to the south, the North Sea to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the northeast....

Estonia Bordering Countries

Estonia 1995

According to EXTRAREFERENCE, Estonia is a small Baltic country located in the Northern Europe. It is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Latvia to the south, and Russia to the east. The population of Estonia...

Finland Bordering Countries

Finland 1995

According to NATUREGNOSIS, Finland is a Nordic country located in Northern Europe and is bordered by Sweden, Norway and Russia. It has a population of around 5.5 million people, with the majority being ethnic...